The Coast Miwok, an Indigenous tribe of Marin and Sonoma counties in California, have a deeply ingrained relationship with their environment, including plants like mugwort (Artemisia douglasiana). Their understanding and use of mugwort are rooted in traditional ecological knowledge (TEK), passed down through generations. Organically grown! This knowledge encompasses a wide range of uses, including: 
Medicinal applications
Treating ailments such as flu, colds, and fevers.
Relieving pain associated with headaches, arthritis, and rheumatism.
Addressing skin irritations and rashes, including poison oak.
Treating dental issues like tooth and gum pain.
Serving as a diuretic, stimulant, and tonic.
Used to address women's health concerns like irregular menstruation, easing premenstrual syndrome and menopausal symptoms. 
Spiritual and ceremonial purposes
Smudging ceremonies: Mugwort is burned to purify spaces, remove negative energy, and invite positive energy.
Dream enhancement: Placing mugwort under a pillow is believed to promote vivid dreams and ward off bad ones.
Protection: Considered to ward off evil spirits, ghosts, and negative energies, it was historically rubbed on the body or kept nearby while sleeping to deter these influences.
Hunting rituals: Hunters would rub their bodies with mugwort to mask their human scent when tracking deer. 
Practical uses
Insect repellent: The plant acts as a natural deterrent against insects and pests. 
Importance of traditional knowledge
It's crucial to acknowledge the significance of Coast Miwok's traditional ecological knowledge in understanding and utilizing mugwort. The Coast Miwok worldview emphasizes a mutually beneficial relationship between humans and the environment, considering plants as relatives and treating them with respect and restraint. This approach ensures sustainable harvesting and the flourishing of plant populations. 
Important considerations
Ethical harvesting: When gathering mugwort, take only what is needed and leave plenty for regeneration and wildlife.
Respecting cultural practices: For those outside of Indigenous traditions, it is important to be mindful of the cultural significance of mugwort and avoid cultural appropriation when using it.
Safety: While traditional uses highlight mugwort's benefits, exercise caution, especially when considering internal use, and consult with a qualified healthcare professional, particularly if pregnant or nursing.